Artificial Tears: What They Are, How They Work, and When You Need Them

When your eyes feel gritty, burning, or like they’re full of sand, artificial tears, over-the-counter eye drops designed to mimic natural tears and relieve dryness. Also known as eye lubricants, they’re one of the most common solutions for dry eye syndrome, a condition where your eyes don’t make enough tears or the tears evaporate too quickly. Unlike prescription eye meds, artificial tears are available without a script and used daily by millions to ease discomfort from screens, wind, aging, or medications.

Not all artificial tears are the same. Some are watery and wash away quickly—good for mild dryness. Others are thicker gels or ointments that last longer but blur vision, so they’re better for nighttime use. Some contain preservatives to keep them sterile; others are preservative-free, which matters if you’re using them more than four times a day. People on certain meds—like antihistamines, antidepressants, or blood pressure drugs—often end up with dry eyes as a side effect. And if you’re over 50, spend hours on a computer, or live in a dry climate, you’re more likely to need them regularly. The key is matching the type to your symptoms, not just grabbing the cheapest bottle.

It’s not just about comfort. Left untreated, chronic dryness can damage the eye’s surface, lead to infections, or make it hard to wear contacts. That’s why some people turn to artificial tears as part of a bigger plan—like using a humidifier, taking screen breaks, or avoiding fans blowing directly on their face. If you’ve tried several brands and still feel irritation, it might not be dry eyes at all. It could be an allergy, blepharitis, or even a reaction to your current eye drops. That’s where knowing what’s in your drops matters. Some contain ingredients that help repair the eye’s surface, while others just add moisture. And if you’re using them daily for months, it’s worth checking in with a pharmacist or eye care pro to make sure you’re not masking something deeper.

Below, you’ll find real advice from trusted sources on how to choose the right drops, what to avoid, and how other health issues—from heart meds to supplements—can affect your eyes. Whether you’re new to artificial tears or have been using them for years, there’s something here that can help you see more clearly and feel more comfortable.